Americans (1) have three names: a first name, a middle name, and a last name (or surname). For example: Marilyn Sue Ellis or Edward David Orleans. Some people use an initial when they sign their names: Marilyn S. Ellis, Edward D. Orleans. Not everyone has a middle name.
American women (2) change their last names when they get married. For example, if Marilyn Ellis marries Edward Orleans, her name becomes Marilyn Orleans. Not all women follow this custom. (3) a woman keeps her maiden name and adds her husband's name, with or without a hyphen. For example, Marilyn Ellis-Orleans or Marilyn Ellis Orleans. (4) a woman does not use her husband's name at all. In this case, if the couple has children, they have to decide if their children will use their father's name, their mother's name, or both. A man does not (5) change his name when he gets married.